History 10/03/20 What the white Russians fought against the red Army in the Great Patriotic
the beginning of the war in Europe lived 350-400 thousands of Russian immigrants, most of whom settled in France, Poland, the Czech Republic in the Balkans. They all reacted to German aggression against the Soviet Union. Emigration has split into two camps: the “defeatists” and “defensists”.
the Russian emigrants in the service of Germany.
“Defeatists” believed that a German victory is the only option to liberate Russia from the Communist yoke. They were guided by the principle “against the Bolsheviks even with the devil”. The slogan was formed before Hitler came to power, the collectivization and artificial famine, even more strengthened the confidence of “defeatists” in the right. Most immigrants considered Hitler as an objective evil, but still less than the Bolsheviks. Many prominent white emigres joined the liberation army of Vlasov and the Committee for the salvation of Russia, uniting the political forces that supported the Nazis.
In the early years of the war, from France to the Eastern front sent approximately 200 emigres, most of whom in the summer of 1943 of political unreliability returned. Only in France by March 1943 the military Administration of the Russian emigration were nearly 400 generals and staff officers and 1,464 Junior officers and lower ranks. None of them called for political reasons.
Russian guard corps and other organizations
In September 1941 in the ranks of the Wehrmacht formed the Russian guard corps, through which for 4 years of war, it took 17 thousand people from which 12 thousand immigrants. Commanded a corps Boris Shteifon, a baptized Jew, born in Odessa. All demands Shteifon transfer unit on the Eastern front, the Germans refused. A large part of the war the Union spent in the Balkans, fighting against the Serbian Chetniks. Several times the Russians were faced with the Pro-German Croatian ustashe and protalinski Albanians, which caused the dissatisfaction of command of the Wehrmacht. In 1944, the emigrants fought with Romanian, Bulgarian and Soviet units.
German propaganda carried the Cossacks not to the Slavs, and Goths and in the autumn of 1943, created a military organization “the Cossack camp”, the primacy of which was occupied by the Russians. The main combat unit became the 15th SS Cossack corps. The most outstanding representatives of the organization was the ataman Pyotr Krasnov and Timofey Domanov, the legendary Cossack commander Andrei Shkuro, a descendant of the Crimean khans, Lieutenant-General Sultan Klych-Girey. In 1947, all of them were executed in Moscow for treason. A prominent member of the Pro-Nazi emigration became captain Boris Smyslovskiy, personally trained saboteurs for infiltration into the Union.
Another 8-9 thousand escapees from Soviet Russia served in other connections in Germany, Italy, Romania, Finland, Spain, fought on the territory of the USSR. Only against the Soviet Union fought about 25 thousand, which is approximately 5-7% of the total number of white emigrants and their children born outside the country. Just on the side of the Nazis according to historians, fought 1 million 200 thousand citizens of the USSR, of which 400 thousand Russians (80 thousand Cossacks).
the position of the “defencists”
General Denikin, living in France, under pressure from the Gestapo, refused to cooperate with Germany and to hold Vlasov. The white emigres who did not follow on about the Nazis, called “defencists”. In addition to Denikin in this informal group includes former Ministers Maklakov white and Son, fleet commander Wrangel Cedars, and many others. Cedars recalled that the Nazis failed to win over a large part of the emigration, and believed that those who went with Germans in Russia want to return their possessions and prepared their own people the role of fertilizers.
News of the anti-Hitler propaganda of the Denikin helped former wards of General in the volunteer army. Among them were the staff officer of the volunteer army Colonel Peter ColtISEW, major-General Baranov, Lieutenant-General Petr Makhrov. The latter wrote to the Soviet government a letter asking to enroll him in the Red army, at least a simple infantryman. This appeal Petr Semenovich was in a concentration camp. To fight against the Nazis and begged Prince Nicholas Obolensky, the future participant of the anti-Nazi resistance.
because Of their irreconcilable views of victims of Nazi repression became Lieutenant-General Kusonski (died in the Gestapo from beatings), Colonel Moller, captain Sniegocki and many others. To sum up the attitude of a large part of immigrants can words Denikin. At the request of the emissaries of the POA will join Vlasov, the General replied: “I am Russian officer and a strange shape never worn. And You dare to come to me in the form that You put on enemies of the Russian people. We have nothing to talk about”.
he still believed the Bolsheviks criminals and said that knocking out the Germans from the territory of the USSR, the Russian people liberated peoples of Europe from Nazi oppression, but Stalin’s policy carried the new Communist enslavement.
Russian Seven
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