History 24/03/20 What the former lands of Russia Stalin wanted to take away from Turkey
the Desire for the return of the USSR of 26 thousand km2 of the Turkish territories once belonging to Russia, according to several political figures, marked the beginning of the Cold war between the Soviet Union and the coalition of Western States.
Stalin began…
Realizing that after the great Patriotic war political map of the world will inevitably change, I. V. Stalin in March 1945, began to take decisive actions to strengthen further the post-war domination of the Soviet Union on the world stage. The Soviet Union denounced the Soviet-Turkish agreement concluded in 1925. In 20 years Turkey gave the Transcaucasian territories that belonged to the Russian Empire in the second half of the XIX century. Stalin proposed to the Turks to get them back in order to subsequently split between Georgia and Armenia.
It was about the Kara region, the South of the Batumi region and Armalinsky County (the former Erivan Republic). As did the former Minister of foreign Affairs of Russia Igor Ivanov, in fact, Stalin was mainly interested in access to the black sea Straits, and with the help of the territorial claims of the USSR just put pressure on Turkey.
the Turks supported by the British and the Americans
Rejecting all proposals of the Soviet Union on territorial concessions, Turkey enlisted the support of this foreign policy issue in the UK and the USA. At the Potsdam conference in July 1945, Churchill expressed his concern about how the flow of the Soviet-Turkish talks. Molotov reported that as a result of negotiations with the Turkish Ambassador Selim Saberem the Soviet side stated its position on the territorial claims of the USSR to Turkey. The arguments of the Soviet Union was expressed in the fact that the Union Treaty between the two countries will allow for joint protection of the new borders of the USSR and Turkey. However, Sovetskthe second side considers unfair rejection of a number of areas of the Georgian SSR and the Armenian SSR – their would have to return back. In addition, Molotov stated the need for the revision of the Montreux Convention (1936), according to which the Straits of the Bosporus and Dardanelles Straits under the sovereignty of Turkey, the Soviet Union would like to make it a naval base. Subsequently, at the conference Stalin confirmed that by controlling the Straits, a small Turkey, supported by Britain, “does not run” power such as the Soviet Union. Molotov “at least” agreed on the Straits, without territorial concessions from Turkey.
as an “argument” in favor of territorial expansion in favor of the Soviet Union, the Soviet side was called the return of millions of Diaspora Armenians who lived after the rejection of Turkey by Russia on the territory of a foreign state allegedly Armenians after the territorial changes at once will want to return to their historical homeland.
Georgia and Armenia too, but with reservations
the leaders of the Georgian and Armenian SSR strongly supported the draft revision of the Soviet-Turkish agreements. However, there is disagreement about the division “skin of not killed bear” Armenia was planned to transfer the lion’s share returned to the territory than the Georgian leadership has been very unhappy – they believed that the true divide in half.
on the sidelines of the Kremlin, there was talk about the fact that in the case of a successful implementation of this project, the Soviet Union will not stop there and will make new territorial claims against Turks.
What would happen
At the end of the summer, the Union has firmly stated its position on territorial claims to Turkey, referring to the state of the note, demanded participation in the control over Bosporus and Dardanelles. Simultaneously, near the Turkish border, Soviet troops began military preparations. Note Turkey is rejected, and its Western allies this step is completely supported. In March 1946, Winston Churchill uttered the famous Fulton speech, where he mentioned about the controversial “land-heavy question” the Soviet Union and Turkey. Historians believe that this controversial issue played a role in starting the Cold war. In 1952 Turkey became a member of NATO, and this decision was also associated with the claims from the Soviet Union.
less than three months after the death of Stalin, as the Soviet foreign Ministry officially announced the waiver of Turkey in full – it was obvious that this process, the Soviet Union lost, in parallel, complicating the foreign policy situation in the world in their favor. Then, in 1957, noted at the Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee in his usual original manner Nikita Khrushchev, then, ” … spat in the face of the Turks…”, resulting in “… lost friendly Turkey and now have American bases in the South…”.
Nicholas Syromyatnikov
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© Russian Seven
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