History 03/03/20 Secret war Suvorov: what was silent Soviet historians
At the end of the 1930-ies and especially after the beginning of the great Patriotic war, A. V. Suvorov and M. I. Kutuzov again became an official national heroes. However, their Soviet biography has been thoroughly sanitized for ideological purposes. Some famous military campaigns of the king’s generals was not accepted to remember.
Suvorov Suppression of the revolt of Pugachev
in the Summer of 1774, the Russian government hastily concluded peace Treaty with Turkey, by not performing all of the tasks that it set itself. The reason was the Pugachev rebellion, which has assumed menacing proportions. The rebels went on the right Bank of the Volga river and threatened to March on Moscow.
Suvorov, successfully operating against Turkey, was aimed at suppression of the risen peasants at the head of the 6th infantry division. However, at the arrival of the Suvorov to a new theater of operations, the rebellion was already mostly defeated and Pugachev captured. Suvorov was arrested and escorted Joe.
But some insurgent groups continued resistance, and Suvorov until the spring of 1775 were engaged in their suppression. Especially great concern to the government was caused by the report in the Astrakhan province of the fugitive soldier Zameriava, who declared himself the successor to “Peter III”—Joe. Two battalions, sent Suvorov, defeated the new pretender, he fled to the don, where he was captured by Cossacks and handed over to the authorities.
the Suppression of Suvorov of the Nogay rebellion
In 1782, Stripping the captured Turkish territory from an untrusted population, the Russian government decided on the deportation of Nogays roamed in the Kuban region, in the Saratov and Tambov governorship and the Urals. Resisting the resettlement Nogai in the summer of 1783, rose in revolt. On its suppression, were sent Suvorov at the head of the Kuban corps.
1 Oct 1783, Russian forces defeated postAntsev, who had no artillery, and were killed 5 to 7 thousand of the Nogai. After that, the surviving Nogai Murza expressed resignation Suvorov. In turn the government has abandoned plans far the deportation of Nogai and put them on a deserted Caspian coast (present Northern Dagestan).
the Destruction of the independence of Poland
In 1794, opposing the third partition of Poland, the Polish patriots, led by T. Kosciuszko revolted. They managed to create regular army and to establish control over a large part of the former Poland. The uprising was suppressed together the armies of the three powers that divided Poland between Russia, Prussia and Austria, but the main task of the capture of Warsaw fell to the Russian army. It, under the main heads of P. A. Rumyantsev, commanded the already illustrious Suvorov.
Suvorov marched with the new borders of Russia on the Dniester in August, 1794. In September, he appeared on the theatre of war in the current Western Belarus. The move took a number of cities 8 September he defeated a Polish corps under the walls of Brest-Litovsk and took this fortress. On 29 September the main forces of the army of Kosciuszko, decided not to oppose Suvorov, was defeated by a division of General Fersen, and the Kosciuszko captured.
After that, Suvorov, uniting under his command the coming up of the division, marched to the main stronghold of the poles – the outskirts of Warsaw on the right Bank of the Vistula river, Prague. After shelling and assault on the morning of October 24, 1794 Prague was taken by Russian troops. The uprising was soon thereafter completely suppressed, and Poland was to wait for the opportunity to once again rise up against foreign domination (and waited – with the arrival of Napoleon).
the Defeat of Kutuzov at Austerlitz
the Battle of Austerlitz (Slavkov) in the territory of the present Czech Republic, where November 20 (Church calendar) 1805 Napoleon’s army soundly defeated the allied Russo-Austrian troops, it was impossible to shut up though, because she described in detail the rumAna Leo Tolstoy’s “War and peace”. However, the story of this battle has been piling up a variety of speculation, designed to whitewash Kutuzov. Meanwhile, according to sources, his fault for the defeat is very high.
Brilliantly after the retreat through Austria, Kutuzov had planned to retreat further, depleting the strength of the French and at the same time hoping to connect with fresh Russian forces. Kutuzov realized that in an open battle with equal or even a small superiority of force, it is inferior in workmanship to the great Corsican. But the Russian Emperor Alexander I (and his Austrian colleague Franz II) insisted on the battle.
Kutuzov, once expressing his opinion, was more to insist on it, and obediently saluted and began to comply with the orders of the king and the disposition of the Austrian General Weyrother. Kutuzov did not dare openly to object to the king, and tried again to influence him… through the court Marshal count P. A. Tolstoy, but he reasonably objected, that the war is the business of Kutuzov, not his. Convinced of the inevitability of defeat, Kutuzov did nothing to prevent it.
Fraud in Soviet historiography was subjected to and the nature of the war. As Napoleon later invaded Russia, his characterization as “the aggressor” was mechanically moved and the war of 1805. Meanwhile, it was a continuation of the wars of feudal Europe against bourgeois France. Napoleon was made the leader of the French revolution and the new principles of “liberty, equality and fraternity” for Europe, and the Russian army – the striking force of the European reaction, who wanted this revolution to crush.
the Suppression of Kutuzov peasant revolts in 1812
the behavior of the masses of the Russian people in 1812 traditionally covered very one-sided – as a Patriotic enthusiasm against the invading enemy. Much is said about the partisan detachments, created by simple peasants. But at the same time there occurred many peasant uprisings against the feudal gneTA.
After the abandonment of Moscow, making his March-maneuver from the Ryazan road to Kaluga, and location of the camp near the village of Tarutino, Kutuzov avoided new decisive clash with the forces of Napoleon, but has repeatedly sent troops to suppress the rebellion of the peasants to their owners.
So, October 7, at the request of Princess Khovanskaya, Kutuzov sent a detachment of troops to “pacify the peasants” in her suburban estate. On 9 November he did the same at the request of another landowner in the village of Romanov, Smolensk province. On 19 October he gave the order to the Secretary of the Borovsky district “punish the rebels” (formerly pacified the troops) “to the fullest extent of the law.”
Historian N. And. Troitsky notes that the police function was not necessarily to Kutuzov as commander in chief the regular army. Obviously, the field Marshal, the power of class solidarity, could not deny to the landlords and tsarist administrators in the respective requests.
Source:
© Russian Seven
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