Biography 25/02/20 Leon Trotsky: a “demon of the revolution,” lived in exile
Leon Trotsky never found a calm refuge after expulsion from the Soviet Union.
“At dawn on 22 January, Trotsky, his wife and son Leo were seated in escorted bus that went on the thumb snowy road towards the Kurdai pass. Through the pass failed to pass with great difficulty. Raging snow drifts, powerful tractor that took the bus and passing several cars in tow, he got stuck in the snow. Some people support died from hypothermia. The family of Trotsky have handled in the sleigh. Distance of 30 kilometers has been covered more than seven hours. Over the pass took a new change in a car that safely took all three of them to Frunze, where they were immersed in a train. In Sittwe, Trotsky received a government telegram (it was the last government telegram, which was in his hands), it was reported that his destination is the city of Constantinople in Turkey” – as described in the book “Leon Trotsky. Opposition” historians Georgiy Chernyavsky and Yuriy Felshtinsky last days in the USSR one of the two main revolutionaries of the country.
the Influence of Trotsky
Historians and contemporaries of Trotsky claimed that among the risen in the Wake of the revolution, political leaders were more charismatic person. It was impressive and as an orator and as a writer and as an organizer. Trotsky, being the second man in the hierarchy of the Bolsheviks, no doubt, had on the October revolution a far greater effect than Lenin. Logically, Trotsky had to stand at the head of the party after the leader’s death. However, despite all his virtues, victories and achievements during the Civil war, he was absolutely not ready for the big chess game in peacetime: factional fighting and intrigues best of all given sworn enemyTrotsky – Joseph Stalin. For a few years, Trotsky had lost all his authority in the party, he was dismissed from all posts and sent into exile, and later in emigration. For the case with Trotsky, and to all the “Leninist guard” in General is the best suited stamps “the revolution devours its children” and “the revolution is conceived romance, exercise fanatics, and enjoy the fruits of her scoundrel”. Unlike Trotsky from Zinoviev, Bukharin, Kamenev and the others only in that it is not in the foreground, and watching for reprisals from the audience. However, the Director conceived the bloody drama will not pass it by.
the Indefatigable oppositionist
Despite the expulsion, the death of loved ones and comrades – Trotsky does not give up. Felshtinsky writes that he not only disappointed in their ideals, but to the end was convinced that not made its way to a single mistake. It participates in the international revolutionary movement: in 1938, proclaimed the creation of the Fourth international. The ideologue of the revolution did not take responsibility for what is happening in the Soviet Union: Trotsky actively untwisted the punitive machine of totalitarianism and to blame only the “Stalinist bureaucrats”.
In exile, Trotsky writes a lot, lecturing. One of the best examples of his journalistic works is his article “Verbania in the Kremlin,” written for the American magazine Life. He is also working on a book “History of the Russian revolution”, “What is the Soviet Union and where is it going?”, “Stalin”, etc. In Yuri Felshtinsky says that “contrary to popular belief, Stalin did not like Trotsky [books] paranoid villain. He focuses on the formation of personality of young Stalin (making extensive use of the memoirs of friends) shows that attracted unsociable seminarian in the camp of the revolutionaries, trying to understand and disclose the motives of certain actions and decisions of the hero of his books.”
the Descent
In the expulsion of Trotsky was given about a thousand dollarV. Unexpected “care” of the authorities, according to one version, can be explained as follows: such sum as assistance in the first years of the Bolshevik regime gave powerful then the leader of the revolution Chapter then insignificant of the people’s Commissariat of nationalities, Stalin.
the Amazing fact is that Trotsky fails to export the archive, including copies of important documents during his innings, letters, notes, Lenin and other papers. Some of the documents will be lost in the years of his wanderings in Europe, and some will survive – fall at Harvard University.
Trotsky’s Life abroad cannot be called calm. He always waited for attacks, Western society would not accept him with open arms: there I was afraid of his activities directed against the capitalists. In 1933 he moved to France, then to Norway. He did not give a political asylum in Europe. As a result, in 1936, Trotsky goes to the last point of their journey to Mexico, where he finds refuge in the house of artists Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera.
Tragedy
Trotsky had four children, they all died in his lifetime. Daughter Nina died of tuberculosis in 1928. The second daughter, Zinaida was exiled from the Soviet Union, in 1933, she committed suicide in Germany. Sergey Sedov, the younger son, refused to leave the Soviet Union and in 1935 was convicted of “Kremlin case”, after his release he worked at the factory, but in 1936, again arrested and then shot. Leon Sedov accompanied his father into exile in 1938, he died in a Paris hospital after surgery. The part of the supporters of Trotsky believed that Lev Sedov was murdered by agents of Stalin.
Catastrophe
on 20 August 1940 Ramon Mercader, the NKVD agent who had infiltrated the entourage of the disgraced revolutionary, came to Trotsky to show him his latest manuscript. Trotsky sat down at the table and, leaning forward, began to read. At this point Mercader, who was standing behind him, struck him a heavy blow on the head with an ice pick that quietly snuck under the top ofthe house. Despite the terrible wound, Trotsky lived another day, of the time he was conscious.
a few days after the murder in the newspaper “Pravda” published an obituary “the Inglorious death of Trotsky” under the editorship of Stalin. In the article denied involvement in the Country of the Soviets to this murder.
Ramon Mercader Mexican authorities was sentenced to twenty years imprisonment. In 1960 he after his release from prison and arrival in the USSR was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with order of Lenin.
In the last years of his life Trotsky was working on the second part of his book “Stalin”, which was also developed a version of the poisoning of Lenin and Stalin.
Russian Seven
Source:
© Russian Seven
Featured articles Share: Comments Comments to the article “Leon Trotsky: a “demon of the revolution,” lived in exile” Please log in to leave a comment! br>
Share on Tumblr
