Another 03/03/20 in any of the peoples of Russia ancestors were serfs
it is often possible to hear opinion that the modern population of Russia is very often the descendants of serfs, as the vast majority of the representatives of the noblest names emigrated after the October revolution. This is not so.
Not ashamed of the origin
One of the key markers that the family of the Russians were serfs are the names. The fact that until 1861 the peasants in the overwhelming majority was nowhere, and only after the abolition of serfdom the situation began to change. Most often the basis of the names taking first name. Whose son? Petrov, Sidorov, Ivan Kharitonov. Less often were given names on the basis of appearance, habits, character, occupation: Malov, Udalov, Dobronravov, blacksmiths.
In the first place among the carriers of these names and should look for today’s descendants of serfs. However it is incorrect to think that names like Volkonsky, Obolensky, Volyn – a sure sign of belonging to the aristocratic dynasty. No times were recorded cases when the serf gave the name of his landlord.
we can confidently say that the descendants of the serfs in the territory of modern Russia is distributed very unevenly. It seems to be least expected to don the traditional place of the Cossack freemen. So. At present, however, in the former estate (now one of the hamlets near Novocherkassk) son of the legendary ataman Matvei Platov – Ivan, according to local historians, predominantly the descendants of serfs. It turns out that for the settlement of a new estate by order of master Ivan Matveevich Platov here from remote villages have been transported several families of serfs.
If we talk about the layers of the society, the ancestors of the serfs of the elite are encountered less frequently than poor people. Suffice it to say that serfs have been in the family many prominent political figures – Lenin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev. For anybody not a secret that the ancestors of the current President of Russia Vladimir Putin from serf peasants of Tver province. Their roots can be traced until the seventeenth century. First, they belonged to the family of the princes of the Romanovs, and then moved to princes Apraksin.
“Slaves-millionaires”
Even if we are talking about the descendants of the representatives of the richest dynasties, it does not mean that their family was not serfs. Doctor of historical Sciences Irina Suponitskaya explains that before the abolition of serfdom, about 40% of the serfs was not burdened with serfdom and could give the landlord the rent money or goods. Obruchnik decide how to earn money in a craft, profession, or carrying. It is from obruchnikov out fortress entrepreneurs who managed to organize their work. For example, the textile industry in Ivanovo was laid by the serfs of count Sheremetev.
French traveller de Custine notes that obrok serfs were the main characters of the Nizhny Novgorod fair. “These slaves-the millionaires, the bankers, the serfs can neither read nor write, but the lack of education they have completed exceptional sharpness”.
Over time, buying himself free, the peasants moved into the merchant class. So, the founder of the famous dynasty, Savva Morozov V. to redeem from bondage in 1821 together with his sons, and in 1914 by Forbes magazine Morozov was recognized as the sixth richest family in the Russian Empire.
the Founder of the legendary brand Smirnoff – Peter Arsenjevitch Smirnov was bought from a serfs father in 1857, leaving at his death his sons a tremendous legacy. Today Moscow is home to about 50 descendants of the “vodka king”.
What do you say the numbers are
And yet it would be wrong to think that the majority of inhabitants of Russia – descendants of serfs. Despite the fact that such statistics do not exist, the issue can be clarified by turning to the collection “Serf population in Russia according to the 10th national census” published in 1861.
According to this work, in 1861 the number of inhabitants of the Russian Empire was 67 081 167 people, of which the serfs were 23 069 631 or 34,39% of the total population. Thus in the European part of Russia and Siberia, he lived more than 22.5 million serfs in Transcaucasia – 0.5 million
In the provinces the serfs concentration per capita was the highest in Smolensk – 69,07%, Tula – 68,94%, Kaluga – 61,80%. The smallest in the Vyatka – 2,64%, in Astrakhan – 2,60%, Stavropol of 2.41%.
In General, relying on the data collector it is possible to assume that the high chances of having a family of serfs of those whose ancestors were natives of the Central regions of Russia – Moscow, Tver, Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod, Kostroma, Yaroslavl, Orel, Tula, Ryazan provinces.
Significantly less likely to have in the pedigree of the fortress from those of the Russians, whose ancestors came from the Northern and Southern regions of the country, as well as Central Asia, Siberia and the Far East. Although there are exceptions. For example, in the Kutaisi province was enslaved 59,71% of the population.
Almost certainly do not have in the family of serfs by the Russians, who are descendants of Latvians, Estonians, Mordvinians, Tatars, Chuvash, and many small peoples of our country. After all, even the chief of the Russian gendarmerie Alexander Benkendorf said that “throughout Russia, only the victorious people, the Russian peasants are in a state of slavery.”
Taras Repin
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© Russian Seven
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