History 04/03/20 For Alexander III in 1891 Jews expelled from Moscow
anti-Jewish laws were issued by Russian rulers for many centuries, increasingly expanding and agastaches. Only during the reign of Emperor Alexander II the Jews received some relief. However, the next Tsar Alexander III ordered them all to leave the territory of Moscow.
the Royal decree and its implementation
In 1891 the post of the Moscow Governor-General was taken by the brother of Emperor Alexander III Sergei Alexandrovich, who believed that the purpose of his life is the barrier of Moscow from the “Semites”. In March of the same year, Alexander III signed a Supreme decree on the expulsion of most of the Jews from the city. Artisans, mechanics, the masters were ordered to leave Moscow and Moscow region. By the time the number of Jews living in this territory, was about 25-35 thousand people. Estimated 3% of the total number of urban residents.
the announcement of the new Emperor appeared in the press on 28 March as the day when all the Jews celebrated one of the most important Jewish holidays Passover. First, the police took the illegal immigrants and artisans, and by the end of the term of execution of orders scheduled for the 14th of January 1892, the case came up to the soldiers, who, after retiring, after service settled in Moscow.
Previous policy of
To take decisive action, in relation to the Jewish population, taken by Alexander III, to a certain extent affected the policy of the previous Emperor Alexander II, who made the life of Jews. Then the Jews began to be exempted from military service on common grounds, and Jewish merchants were allowed to stay in the cities. Concessions were made and the selection of the place of residence, profession and education. Through such decrees the population of Moscow grew pretty quickly.
More than halfs of Moscow’s citizens of Jewish origin were engaged in trade, industry and, of course, banking. At the time of signing the decree to evict about 20% higher Guild merchants were Jews.
the Minister of the interior Ignatiev argued that the reforms of Alexander II the Jews used to begin to control the economy and subjected the indigenous population to exploitation. Ignatieff urged the new Emperor to take immediate steps to combat malicious actions on the part of the Jewish population.
Also the murder of Alexander II was also announced by case of the Jewish owner.
Riots and the “Provisional rules”
In 1881, that is, when he was killed Alexander II, the country was swept with a wave of the so-called pogroms. Jews were beaten to death, smashed and torched shops and houses. Oils in fire were added also by the anti-Semitic propaganda in the press and mass impoverishment of the peasants, for which Jewish artisans were now more competition.
Concerned about the riots, at a meeting with representatives of the Jewish community Alexander III expressed his full confidence that the cause of enmity towards the Jews is their economic domination and exploitation of the indigenous population.
in may 1882 following the light came the “Temporary rules”, which removed all concessions made by Alexander II against the Jewish population, and re-imposed restrictions on their rights.
Many historians believe that the creation of the “Provisional rules” in the expulsion of Jews from Moscow in 1891, not the last role was played by Konstantin Pobedonostsev, the chief Procurator of the Holy Synod, which has never concealed his attitude to the Jews. “Taking into their own hands almost the whole trade, they make it mostly on Sundays and public holidays to the detriment of moral and religious life of Orthodox Christians. Everywhere is crowded and noisy and only in the temples of God in these days of empty” – so wrote George in his report for the years 1890-91.
Yulia Popova
Source:
© Russian Seven
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