History 21/03/20 Dialects and Malinowski: the whites, who became Stalin’s marshals
Among the people who have made a successful career in the red Army and became a Marshal of Victory – the commanders of the fronts in the final period of the great Patriotic war, not all at once made their choice in the Civil war. Some came to the Red Army, fought for some time on the other side, white.
the Peasant children, who became the military
Leonid Alexandrovich Govorov had three younger brother, Nicholas, Mikhail and Vladimir. All were commanders of the red Army.
Leonid’s Parents were peasants of Vyatka. Father, Alexander, was a hardworking self-taught, self-literate, has developed a nice handwriting and managed to get a clerk in Elabuga. For this he received the right to train in the local real school for their children.
the Eldest of the brothers – Leonid – at age 19 she graduated from College and passed the entrance exam at the Petrograd Polytechnic Institute, shipbuilding Department. But an engineer he was not destined to be. It was the First world war, the army experienced an acute shortage of technically competent officers. Leonid Govorov at the end of 1916, mobilized to study at the Konstantinovsky artillery school.
in the Summer of 1917 Dialects were issued to the army with the rank of ensign. He was sent to serve at the military garrison in Tomsk. By the time the king is already ousted everywhere were talking about the imminent world, and then came to power, the Bolsheviks disbanded the old Russian army. Leonid Govorov in the spring of 1918 he returned to his native Yelabuga, where by the time he graduated from school his brother Nikolay.
in the Summer of 1918 Kama region became a battleground of the civil war. In the official biography Govorova this period were carefully omitted. But it is known that an uprising against the Bolsheviks, the core of which in August, 1918, the steel workers of Izhevsk and Watkinray weapons factories, it was here universal. Its massively supported the peasants, dissatisfied with the Bolshevik requisitioning and “committees of the poor”. There is reason to think that Leonid and Nikolai Govorov were not forcibly mobilized into the white army “protection Committee of the Constituent Assembly”, and voluntarily came back. This is also stated in the order of Kolchak on the output in the next rank.
whatever it was, the two brothers Govorova September 1918 appeared at the front in force against the Bolsheviks. In November 1918, the revolt was crushed, and the white troops, United by the time Admiral Kolchak retreated to the Urals. In the spring of 1919, during the offensive Govorova almost reached home, but soon the forces of Kolchak began the final retreat.
during this period, 13 Jul 1919, Leonid and Nikolai Govorov was “for bravery” produced by Kolchak to Lieutenant of artillery. But the White army in Siberia has collapsed. In December 1919, in the district of Tomsk brothers Govorova together with a group of subordinates defected to the red Army. The past was not put to them a reproach, they fought in 1920 against Wrangel. Leonid was twice wounded and received the order of the red banner.
In 1920-e years he served in the red Army, and their two younger brothers. Michael fought with the robber bands, in 1932, died suddenly of typhus. Nicholas was discharged for health reasons. Repressions did not spare the family. After Leonid Govorov in the rank of major-General of artillery headed (1941) Artillery Academy of the red army named Dzerzhinsky, he was arrested and sentenced to 10 years in the camps of his brother Vladimir. In 1943 the personal request of Leonid Govorov before Stalin brought freedom to Vladimir Govorov. By the time he was in command of the Leningrad front, and was known throughout the country as one of the commanders, to break the siege of Leningrad.
In 1944, Govorov was awarded the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union. He met the victory, accepting the surrender of Courland gruperothe VCI of the enemy.
Odessa boy who went to the front “for faith and Tsar”
When the First world war, the illegitimate Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky (mother’s surname) was only 15 years old. The boy climbed into one of the first trains that went to the front. The army quickly figured out what was happening, and wanted to send the teen home, but he begged to leave him. To return he was, in fact, nowhere and no one. So Malinowski was the “son of the regiment” – the porters of ammunition.
in the summer of 1915 he had his first soldier’s George cross – one of the youngest knights of St. George in history and in the autumn of the same year was severely wounded. On recovery, Malinowski was recorded then formed the First Russian Special brigade to be sent into France, to demonstrate solidarity with an ally. Preference was military personnel with language skills, and Malinowski was one of the few privates who knew how to speak French: he learned the language in childhood, working as a salesman in the shop.
thus, Malinowski was not yet 17 years old, as he was a Russian soldier abroad. In one of the first fighting of the Russian brigade during the spring offensive of 1917, Malinovsky was again seriously wounded. At one time doctors believed that he will lose his hands. On recovery of Malinovsky was awarded the French Military cross.
the Echo of the Russian revolution has come to France. Soldiers newly arrived Third Russian team began to rebel, demanding to go home. The French command managed to incite some Russian soldiers on the other and to suppress the rebellion. Malinowski then recover and did not participate in these events. But he, like all soldiers and officers of the special teams had to choose between continued service and reference to Algeria. Malinowski chose to fight.
So Rodion Yakovlevich was one of several hundred “Russian Legion of Honour”, which in the French army triumphantly finished the First world war. Malinowski was again awardedYong French and Russian crosses. The whites hoped to get soldiers of this famous volunteer. So Malinowski in the summer of 1919 with a group of fellow soldiers went to Kolchak.
In his biography of the Marshal contended that he was traveling to Russia to go on the side of the red Army. However, it is unlikely he had during his stay in France could be Soviet beliefs. Just for that moment when he (fall 1919) reached Omsk, the Kolchak government fell. Characteristically, when Rodion was captured to the red, they just shot him immediately after he found George and French crosses. Forever remain a mystery, I wasn’t imagining it only for their own survival the legend that was going to go on the side of the red Army.
whatever it was, the life of Malinowski since then has been inseparably linked with the red Army. During the Great Patriotic war he experienced and the bitterness of defeat (near Kharkov in may 1942), and the joy of victory. Troops of the Third, and then Second Ukrainian fronts under his command liberated from the enemy Ukraine, Moldova, Romania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Austria.
Yaroslav Butakov
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© Russian Seven
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