History 11/03/20 As was done with “malicious deserters” during the great Patriotic
in the Summer of 1941 the red Army strove by all means to stop the rollback of troops to Moscow. After 2 months after Hitler’s attack was an order No. 270, also known as “the order about malicious deserters” is one of the most violent and controversial from the legal point of view documents of the great Patriotic war.
the Tragedy of Lieutenant-General Kachalov
In July-August 1941, the Wehrmacht repeatedly pressed the red “pot”, leaving them no other choice but surrender. The last straw that broke the patience of Stalin, was the news about the fate of Lieutenant-General Vladimir Kachalov, commander of the 28th army. At the end of July Katchalov counterattacked the Nazis near the river Stomate in the Smolensk region. But the Germans brought up reinforcements, and they managed to block the group Kachalov. Along with his staff commander attempted to break out of encirclement. August 4 in the village Ermolino Kachalov was killed in a tank battle. Without checking information, Deputy defense Commissar Lev Mehlis said the “father of Nations” that Katchalov was captured by the Germans. The deceased Lieutenant-General, was sentenced in absentia to death. His true fate is revealed only in the 1950s, and Stalin about it has not learned.
“to be Considered malicious deserters”
August 16, 1941, from the Supreme Commander of the red Army issued an order No. 270, signed by Stalin, who was not subject to the publication but had to be read in parts.
Beginning with the passage of “cowardice” General Kachalov, who allegedly “chose to surrender, chose to desert”, the leader announced the measures with which he hoped to prevent similar incidents continue:
“Commanders and political workers, during fight breaking from itself, insignia and deserters to the rear or surrendering to the enemy, considered PLNhostname deserters”.
the word “malicious” is here meant that prisoners chose their fate consciously and premeditated, but not always it was so. The order prescribed by higher commanders and Commissars to shoot the perpetrators on the spot. Moreover, even the ordinary soldiers received the right to “all means” to destroy the surrendering chiefs along with their parts.
Families captured by the Germans the red army commanders were subject to arrest, and wives and mothers of soldiers have lost the state support and benefits. Thus, contrary to the Constitution introduced the principle of responsibility for the relationship. However, for the henchmen of Stalin, this was nothing new. In the 30-ies along with the “enemies of the people” repressed and members of their families.
the Value of the order
Many historians believe that order No. 270 was played during the war, a negative role, condemning to death thousands of red Army soldiers. Soldiers and officers chose to fight even in losing conditions, but would not be captured. We can also assume that the order created fertile ground for abuse, allowing the officers to settle scores with each other.
meanwhile, despite the strict measures, their goals, Stalin was not reached. Until the battle of Moscow, which began in late September 1941, the army was rolling to the East. Order No. 270 did not prevent surrender to General Vlasov and many other generals. Nevertheless, the document continued to operate until Victory, and even after it (officially it was abolished in 1957).
Not all prisoners of war commanders waited for the shooting. Some “malicious deserters” from the number captured after the war was restored in the ranks of the red army and even reached new heights in his career – among them, major General Ivan Melnikov, Pavel Abramidze, Mikhail Borisov, and others.
not so with ordinary soldiers. Cool beating of prisoners of war, the Kremlin with his own hands prepared a potential anti-Soviet elements in the face of hundreds of thousands of people who, PRoida through the horrors of the Nazi camps, learned at home, that their families in poverty due to Stalin’s order. And even subsequent legal rehabilitation and presentation of awards couldn’t change the negative attitude of these people to the Soviet government.
Timur Sagdiyev
Source:
© Russian Seven
Featured articles Share: Comments Comments on the article “what was done with “malicious deserters” during the great Patriotic war” Please log in to leave a comment! br>
Share on Tumblr
