History 11/03/20 Citizens of what countries have taken on work in the USSR after the war
“Repair work” was the name of the procedure for the use of Germans, people in Germany and allied with her in the great Patriotic war in different countries work on the territory of the USSR from 1945 to 1956. In Germany this program has been involved Romania, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia – a country whose citizens fought against the Soviet Union on the side of the Nazis.
a total of from Soviet-occupied areas of Germany and the countries Hitler coalition in order reparations to the USSR to restore the Soviet economy was taken out about 300 thousand able-bodied citizens is 16.6 times less than they stole from the Soviet Union to Germany by the Nazis.
Only in the mid 50-ies almost all of these workers forced labor in safe and sound back home, and of the 5 million captured by the Nazis, “Ostarbeiters” 2 million died.
Who interned
the First special decision about the direction of the Germans for forced labor in the USSR State defence Committee was made in late 1944, when our troops occupied the above-mentioned European countries. The selections were made on a national basis (sent only to the Germans), citizenship was not taken into account. In the program of reparations got able-bodied men 17-45 and women aged 18-30. In total from Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Hungary and Romania in the Soviet Union were interned more than 100 thousand inhabitants of these countries.
From Germany deported the majority of them civilians of Upper Silesia and East Prussia (also only German). In addition, in the USSR prinudraboty interned those who belonged to fascist organizations or, in the opinion of SMERSH, in principle, was politically unreliable. The military and fought in the Volkssturm (the people’s militia units The third Reich created in the last months of world war II to repel the onslaught of the allies on its territory.) not deported, and sent to pow camps. From Germany so the Soviet Union deported more than 155 thousand Germans.
Where he worked and in what conditions contained a
basically interned Germans worked in the mines of Donbass, in the industries connected with the coal industry, ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy. According to historians, it was from the Ukraine at the time was deported to work in Germany the largest number of the population.
internees Lived in barracks surrounded by barbed wire, special provision about the contents and use of the deported Germans were ordered to treat them as prisoners of war. For truancy, attempted escape and other offenses they could sent to the GULAG, in particular the Siberian internment camps.
production and food for the deported Germans was officially established the same as for Soviet workers. With food this rule is not always adhered to later in his memoirs, many Germans complained about the disgusting food. Better things were taken out of the German engineers. German specialists working in aviation industry, the developers of the famous rocket “V-2” could take their families with them, the mode and the conditions of their detention was incomparably better.
the way Back
By the end of 50-ies of all the interned Germans were sent back home. Most repatriated until 1950, except those who sat for the various faults in the camps or were held for the possession of information of public importance, for example, about certain objects, which deported worked. There were about fifteen thousand people. But in the end released them. A small part of the Germans remained in the Soviet Union.
the Exact number of interned Germans died in the Soviet Union from diseases or dead for other reasons no. But on the basis of comparative characteristics of the number of deportees in the Soviet Union and forced labourers deported by the Nazis in Germany “Ostarbeiters”, these figures with the number of permanently perished in Nazi captivity on the territory of Soviet citizens simply incomparable.
Source:
© Russian Seven
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