History 01/03/20 What kind of salary received by the soldiers of the army of Kutuzov
Mikhail Kutuzov received the award in 100 000 roubles from Tsar Alexander I at the battle of Borodino. And it is not only the financial dimension of the war with Napoleon Bonaparte.
the Salaries of military
So, for the expulsion of the French and the transition of the state border, the Russian army received from the Emperor the semi-annual salary, for a total of 4 million rubles. General Alexander Tormasov first won in 1812, the Russian army fight was rewarded 50,000 rubles (yearly stipend was 2000).
Soldiers under Alexander I received about 10 rubles a year (a free wage-worker received the same amount per month). During the same period, the Treasury paid 72 “meat” and 15 “salt” cents. The money the soldiers were given three times a year, on the General construction.
Officers were supposed to be three kinds of payments from the state: the pay (depending on rank), dinner money (depending on position) and the housing (depending on rank, city and marital status).
Russian Colonel received $ 85 per month, warrant officer (then it was the most Junior officer rank) – 15 roubles. A kilo of beef had to pay 20 cents, tea cost 25 rubles/kg, a fortified soul at a cost of 150 – 200 rubles.
Napoleon his soldiers the money also was not spoiled, the service was considered a duty of a citizen. Rifleman infantry in the month received 5 francs a month, which was equal to the salary of a skilled worker in Paris for 1 day. It has developed a system of deductions: food – 9 su, in company Treasury – 4 su. The officers were supplied with money is much better General still bathed in income. Bonaparte gave the generals and marshals more than 16 million francs per annum various benefits. Marshal Lefebvre for the capture of Danzig received from Napoleon the 300 000 francs. The Supreme command of the army of Bonaparte was rich: Berthier (1 254 945 francs a year), It (1 028 973), Davout (910 000), Massena (683375). Despite the fact that the annual income of the richest capitalist of the then France – about 1.5 million francs per year.
the state Finances of Russia
Before the invasion of Napoleon, Alexander I introduced the payment of taxes and customs duties banknotes in terms of silver, forbade banks to issue loans, municipal budgets are subordinate directly to the Ministry of Finance.
In 1812, Russia fought at the same time 4 war from Murmansk to the Caucasus and Turkey. The printing press worked around the clock, the amount of paper money grew, silver prices fell to 25 cents for 1 ruble banknotes. But it is allowed under the gun to deliver 1 million people. Military action in 1812 was spent 157,5 million rubles (1807 land army only cost 43 million rubles), Another 200 million Russian army requisitioned from the population of products and horses early in the war.
Napoleon wanted to win not only on the battlefield – he used fake Bank notes to undermine the economy of Russia. In turn started up about 70 million rubles, “falshaka” that accounted for a significant portion of cash flow.
half a million army of Napoleon in Russia caused direct damages over $ 1 billion. Only one burned Moscow has brought losses to more than 280 000. And who easier by the fact that 400 000 of the invaders so forever and remained in the Russian land?
When crossing the state border of the Russian army is having difficulty with the pay for food and fodder. However, Alexander I solved the problem by entering the decree of January 1813 ruble zone in Poland and Germany. The decree was translated into German and Polish languages, the document has established a solid purchase prices and a strong ruble exchange rate to local currency. However, by that time, the rate of notes fell to 20 silver kopecks per 1 ruble paper. The troops introduced “prominnya office” of the state Bank.
a Little later, introduced the following system: Russian troops were paid only 20% of the price, the rest were given receipts premennych offices. Payment receipts produced VLAsti respective German States, and compensation was carried out after the Russian victory over Napoleon. Germany and Austria hastened to present the receipt for payment already in 1814. Initially, the amount of requirements was 360 million rubles. But the chief quartermaster of the Russian Egor Kankrin, in terms of primary documentation, hit the volume up to 6 times.
From a foreign trip to Russia has not returned 40,000 people wishing to live abroad.
Konstantin Baranovsky
Source:
© Russian Seven
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