Another 19/02/20 Vikipediisto did Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev in Soviet times,
Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev is one of the most notable supporters of Chechen separatism, acting President of the breakaway Republic of Ichkeria. But few people know that in Soviet times, this odious leader, was an aspiring writer.
From the writer to the separatist
the Parents of Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev was among the deported Chechen teip Hal-keloy, appeared in Kazakhstan. There was born a future fighter for the independence of Chechnya. After the restoration in 1957, the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet socialist Republic in the former borders Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev along with his family returned to their historical homeland and settled in the ancestral village of Starye Atagi.
At the age of 17 he began his career as a labourer and bricklayer, at the age of 20 was drafted into the army. After his discharge two years worked on oil rigs as an assistant driller. However, Zelimkhan was talents to the works of a different kind. He entered the correspondence Department of the philological faculty of the Chechen-Ingush state University, specialization “Chechen language and literature”.
In the period of study at the University of Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev loved spending time in the Park near his Alma mater. Sitting on the bench, he had practiced meditation and wrote poetry. It was here that he decided he was ready to devote his life to literary work. And very soon from the pen of a novice poet he published the first poetic collections.
after graduation in 1981, Yandarbiyev worked as a proofreader and then as head of production Department of the Chechen-Ingush publishing house. At the same time he joined the ranks of the Komsomol. In the future, the writer with the Komsomol ticket easily won the presidency of the Committee of propaganda literature of the Union of writers of the USSR.
In the adjustment period Yandarbiyev has combined literature with public-polytic activity. Since 1989, he is a literary consultant at the Union of writers of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR and at the same time the Chairman of the political organization of Chechen society “Bart” (“Union”).
But after the collapse of the USSR everything is changing dramatically. Yandarbiyev almost completely dedicates himself to the struggle for the independence of Chechnya, taking an active part in fighting against Federal forces on the side of the separatists. In particular, in January 1995, he directs the defense of the Central part of Grozny.
during the 1996-1997 Yandarbiyev was actually the head of the breakaway Chechen Republic. October 3, 1996 as acting President of Chechnya, he was the head of the Chechen delegation at the next negotiations in Moscow.
After the first Chechen war, Yandarbiyev often visits countries in the Middle East, some time lives in the United Arab Emirates. According to some, there he receives generous sponsorship of maintaining the separatism in Chechnya. “I do politics as a former President and a representative of the Mujahideen” – so said to myself Yandarbiyev.
on 9 October 2001 at Interpol Yandarbiyev was declared in the international search along with Chechen separatists Maskhadov and Zakayev. On 13 February 2004, returning from Friday prayers in a mosque in the Qatari capital of Doha, Yandarbiyev was blown up in the cabin of your vehicle from the received wounds has died on the spot.
the Lost talent
Who knows, go Yandarbiyev in the literature and then, perhaps, his life would have been completely different. To 1980-m to years it has already created a decent artistic heritage (poetry, prose, drama). After the proclamation of independence of Ichkeria, he continued to write, however, leadership positions and ideological work had robbed him of all energy.
the First literary opus Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev, was released in the early 1980s: “Plant, people, trees” (1981), “signs of the zodiac” (1983) and the novel “Time of reckoning” (1983). Guide literary circle “PHArmat” (“Prometheus”) did not prevent him to completely surrender to creativity. However, as noted Yandarbiyev, the fact that he wrote poetry in the Chechen language itself has been the phenomenon of anti-Soviet.
In the mid-1980s began a new round of literary career Yandarbiyev. In 1984, he joined the Union of writers of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR, in 1985 — the Union of writers of the USSR, and in 1986 he became chief editor of children’s magazine “rainbow”. In the same year he published his new poetry collection “Play a melody” and the local drama theatre is the play “God forbid”. In 1989 Yandarbiyev finishes writing courses at the Literary Institute named after A. M. Gorky In Moscow.
once back in the mid-1980s from Moscow, Yandarbiyev stopped in Rostov-on-don to offer the magazine “don” their poems. “The poems were good, recalled the former head of the Department of poetry magazine, Daniel Dolinsky, felt the master’s hand”. Yandarbiyev had a favorable impression and seemed to figure quite extraordinary.
Dolinsky said memorable moment of this meeting. When Zelimkhan gone, leaving the plastic bag in which lay flat canister. Employee magazine caught up with Yandarbiyev with the words: “If you give “bribe”, so it’s best brandy.” “Next time, I’ll bring the cognac,” – smiling, replied the poet. “Indeed, two months later Zelimkhan brought the same canister with a beautiful Chechen brandy,” said Dolinsky. However, here is the poetry editor then rejected, as they were more of imitation than originality.
In the 1990s, works Yandarbiyev came out only abroad, since their subjects were not allowed to publish them in Russia. The names speak for themselves: “on the eve of independence”, “Jihad and the challenges of the modern world”, “the True face of terrorism.” For example, the book of its memoirs “Chechenia — battle for freedom”, was released in 1996 in Lviv. Poetry and books Yandarbiyev was translated into more than 40 languages.
In the maelstrom of holohowl
In 1983 Yandarbiyev ended his story “payback Time”, but at this point it was almost all absorbed not literature, and politics. In July 1989, he founded the party “Bart” (“Union”) is a secular democratic organization, which called for the unification of the Caucasian ethnic groups against “Russian imperialism”. So he gradually becomes the leader of the Chechen nationalist movement.
“Throw Yandarbiyev in a large Chechen policy was sudden and swift as the leap of the wolf” – note his colleagues. In may 1990, Yandarbiyev establishes the Vainakh democratic party (VDP), the purpose of which was “establishing an independent democratic state.” Later, many Chechens nicknamed her the “party Vainakh misfortune.” Why? Eyewitnesses recall that people often grabbed on the street and for five rubles was presented a green certificate of the member of the party, promising mountains of gold after the arrival of the democratic party to power.
more and more. In November 1990 Yandarbiyev gets the post of Deputy Chairman of the newly elected Russian Congress of the Chechen people, who under the leadership of Dzhokhar Dudayev ousted the representatives of the Soviet party nomenclature. Yandarbiyev agree with Dudayev, and together they sign an agreement, according to which the Chechen-Ingush Republic divided into two parts.
According to participants of events that took place in Chechnya on the eve of the collapse of the Soviet Union, Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev was “the main instigator of all this turmoil”. The Chechen politician Shah Murza, Behoov recalled: “When the Congress National Congress of the Chechen people was formed three factions – zagaevsky, jagielska and andreevska, Yandarbiyev, materialistic people were out of work, but when the anarchy began, it is on this wave and decided to come to power.”
Yandarbiyev in these years has established himself as a notorious fighter against the remnants of the Soviet party system in Chechnya. Since August 19, 1991, he organized the center of Grozny in a rally against the emergency Committee. Witnesses tell how his appeal was responded to by thousands of Chechens in the city from all sides, in vehicles and on foot, continuously walked and walked string of people. After the Soviet collapse, the meaning of life for Yandarbiyev became the struggle for the separation of Chechnya from Russia.
Taras Repin
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© Russian Seven
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