History 23/03/20 5 the decisive battles of world war II
the Second world war was fought on the territory of 40 countries participated 72 countries. In 1941, Germany had the strongest army in the world, but a few crucial battles brought the Third Reich to defeat.
the Battle for Moscow (the failure of the blitzkrieg)
the Battle for Moscow showed that the German blitzkrieg failed. In this battle, in total, involved more than 7 million people. This is more than in the Berlin operation, included in the Guinness Book as the biggest battle of the Second world war, and more than the enemy forces on the Western front after the Normandy landings.
Battle for Moscow was the only major battle of the Second world war, which was lost by the Wehrmacht in its overall numerical superiority over the enemy.
Moscow defended the “whole world”. Thus, history remained a feat of the senior groom linage the village of Serebryano-Prudskiy district of Ivan Petrovich Ivanov, 11 December 1941, repeated the feat of Ivan Susanin, the head of a deep ravine, “Belgorod pine” a German convoy of 40 cars.
Helped the victory over the enemy and a simple teacher from Krasnaya Polyana Elena Gorokhova, who told the red army command to redeploy German units with long-range artillery batteries.
as a result of the counteroffensive at Moscow and the General offensive of the German troops were driven back to 100-250 km. were Completely exempted Tula, Ryazan and Moscow region, many areas of Kalinin, Smolensk and Orel regions.
General Gunther Blumentritt wrote: “Now the political leaders of Germany was important to understand that the days of the blitzkrieg was a thing of the past. We were confronted by the army for their fighting qualities far superior to all other armies with whom we ever had to meet on the battlefield. But it should be said that the German army phave prodemonstrirovala high moral fortitude in overcoming all disasters and dangers that befell her.”
the battle of Stalingrad (the turning point)
the battle of Stalingrad was a major turning point battle of world war II. The Soviet military command has made it clear: beyond the Volga no land. Interesting assessment of this battle and the losses incurred by the foreign historians Stalingrad.
In the book “Operation survival”, published in 1949 and written by the famous American writer Hessler, which is difficult to suspect of Pro-Russian positions, stated: “the assessment is very realistic scientist Dr. Philip Morrison, it would take at least 1000 atomic bombs to cause damage to Russia caused only in one of the Stalingrad campaign… This is much more than the number of bombs that we have accumulated after four years of relentless effort.”
the battle of Stalingrad was a struggle for survival.
the Foundation was laid August 23, 1942, when the German aircraft made a massive bombardment of the city. Killed 40 000 people. This exceeds the official figures air RAID of the allies on Dresden in February 1945 (25,000 victims).
In Stalingrad the Red army has used the revolutionary innovations of psychological pressure on the enemy. From the speakers installed in the front, raced favorite hits of German music, which was interrupted by reports of the victories of the red army in areas of the Stalingrad front. The most efficient way of psychological pressure was the monotonous sound of the metronome, which was interrupted after 7 strokes commentary in German: “Every 7 seconds at the front killed one German soldier”. Upon completion of a series of 10-20 “reports timer” from the speakers raced tango.
during the Stalingrad operation of the red army managed to create the so-called “the Stalingrad cauldron”. November 23, 1942 the troops of the southwestern and Stalingrad fronts had closed the ring of encirclement in which was almost 300-strong enemy grouping.
In Stalingrad in captivity one of the “darlings” of Hitler Marshal Paulus, who in the days of the Stalingrad battle became a field Marshal. By early 1943, the 6th army of Paulus was a pitiful sight. On 8 January the Soviet military command asked the German commander with an ultimatum: if he doesn’t surrender by 10 o’clock the next day, all are in the “pot” the Germans will be destroyed. Paulus to the ultimatum did not react. On 31 January he was taken prisoner. He later became one of the USSR’s allies in the propaganda war of the Cold war.
In early February 1943, units of the 4th air fleet of the Luftwaffe received the password is “Horloge”. He meant that the 6th army does not exist anymore, and the battle of Stalingrad ended with the defeat of Germany.
the Battle of Kursk (the transition initiative to the red army)
Victory in the battle at the Kursk bulge was of cardinal importance because of several factors. After Stalingrad, the Wehrmacht was another chance to change the situation on the Eastern front in their favor, Hitler was assigned to operation “Citadel” great expectations and said that “the Victory at Kursk must serve as a torch for the world.”
the Importance of these battles and understood the Soviet command. The red army was important to prove she could win, not only during the winter campaigns, but in the summer, so the victory at Kursk was invested not only military but also civilians. In record time of 32 days, a railroad was built that connected the rust prod and Staryy Oskol, called the “road of courage”. On its construction day and night worked for thousands of people.
the Turning point of the battle of Kursk was the battle of Prokhorovka. The largest tank battle in history, more than 1,500 tanks.
memories of that battle still dazzling. It was a real hell.
the Commander of a tank brigade Gregory Panico, received hero of the Soviet Union for this battle, says: “We have lost the sense of time, felt no thirst, nor heat, nor even the bumps in the cramped cockpit of the tank. One thought, one desire – is still alive, kill the enemy. Our tankers are rescued from their wrecked cars, looking for the enemy on the field crews also left without equipment, and beat them with pistols, grappled hand to hand…”.
After the “Prokhorovka” our troops went on the offensive. Operation Kutuzov and Rumyantsev allowed to liberate Belgorod and Orel, on August 23 was liberated Kharkov.
the Battle for the Caucasus (the preservation of Soviet oil, the liberation of the black sea)
Oil is called “blood war”. From the beginning of the war one of the ways the German offensive was directed towards the Baku oil fields. The control was a priority task for the Third Reich.
the Battle for the Caucasus was marked aerial combat in the skies over the Kuban, which has become one of the largest air battles of the Second world war. For the first time for Soviet pilots of the Luftwaffe imposed his will and actively prevented and opposed the execution by the Germans of their combat missions. From 26 may to 7 June, the air force spent 845 sorties on airfields of the Nazis in Anapa, Kerch, Saki, Sarabuz and Taman. During the battles in the skies of Kuban region the Soviet air force produced about 35 thousand sorties.
for the battles over the Kuban the first Star Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to Alexander Pokryshkin, three times hero of the future of the Soviet Union and Marshal of aviation.
on 9 September 1943, the last operation of the battle for the Caucasus – the Novorossiysk-Taman. Within a month German troops on the Taman Peninsula were defeated. As a result of occurrence were liberated cities of Novorossiysk and Anapa, created the preconditions for carrying out landing operations in the Crimea. In honor of the liberation of the Taman Peninsula on October 9, 1943 in Moscow was given a salute of 20 salvoes from 224 guns.
the battle of the bulge (the failure of “the last blitzkrieg” of the Wehrmacht)
the Battle of the bulge called “the last blitzkrieg of the Wehrmacht”. This was the last attempt of the Third Reich to turn the tide on the Western front. He commanded the operation, field Marshal V. Model, ordered it on the morning of 16 December 1944, by the 25th of December the Germans had advanced to 90 km deep into the enemy’s defense.
However, the Germans did not know that the defense of allies have been deliberately weakened so that, when the Germans break through to the West at 100 kilometers, surround them and strike from the flanks. The Wehrmacht of this maneuver are not provided.
the Allies knew about the battle of the bulge in advance, so as to read the German cipher system “Ultra.” In addition, on the movements of German troops reported by air reconnaissance.
Despite the fact that the initiative was originally the allies, the Germans were well prepared for the Ardennes. Start time of occurrence was selected given the fact that allied aircraft could not provide air support. Germans also went to the trick: all good English, dressed in American uniforms and led by Otto Skorzeny to create assault troops in order to sow panic in the American rear.
Some Panthers were disguised as American tanks, they hung on the bulwarks, snsi with cannons muzzle brake, shut down the tower sheet metal, and painted on the armor large white star.[irp]
With the onset of the “false Panther” rushed to the rear of the American troops, but the trick of the Germans was “raskushen” because of the stupidity. Someone from the Germans asked for a refill and said instead of “gas” “petroleum”. The Americans didn’t say that. Saboteurs were disclosed, and their cars burned with bazookas.
American historiography of the Battle of the bulge called the Battle of the Bulge – the Battle of the Bulge. By 29 January the allies completed the operation began the invasion of Germany.
the Wehrmacht lost in the battle, more than a third of its armored vehicles and virtually all aircraft (including jet) involved in the operation, spent fuel and ammunition. The only “profit” for Germany from the battle of the bulge was that it delayed the advance of the allies on the Rhine for six weeks: it had to be postponed on January 29, 1945.
Russian Seven
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